What is a Transformer ?
ABSTRACT
Transformer is a kind of device which works on the principle of mutual inductance. It consists of a core and copper windings. The voltage induced depends on the number of turns on the primary as well as secondary side.
INTRODUCTION
Transformer is a Passive electrical device. It Transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits. It Works on the principle of mutual induction.
TYPES OF TRANSFORMER :
- Based On Phase
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Single Phase Transformer
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Three Phase Transformer
- Based On Core
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Shell Type Transformer
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Core Type Transformer (Distribution, Power, Core)
- Based On Cooling
System
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Air-Cooled Transformer
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Oil Cooled Transformer (Distribution Transformer)
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Self-Cooled Transformer
- Based on service in
field:
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Distribution Transformer
●
Power Transformer
WORKING OF TRANSFORMER
The transformer works on the principle of mutual
induction. It is a passive component in the circuit. The transformer involves
production of voltage via induced current. The voltage applied on the primary
side it magnetizes the iron core. This further induces voltage in the secondary
coil which is drawn out for use.
The voltage induced depends on the number of turns in both the coils. More the number of turns to the coil more is the voltage. If the primary side has more number of turns than the secondary side the drawn out voltage is reduced hence referred as a step down transformer. Opposite is the case then the drawn out voltage is more, the transformer is called as step up transformer.
CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSFORMER
The transformer consists of a core and of windings on
both the sides. The coils do not have a physical link between them but they are
connected through magnetic link. The primary coil and secondary coil are wound
around the core according to the specifications. The core may be an air core or
a laminated core.
TYPES OF LOSSES IN A TRANSFORMER
●
Iron or
Core loss:
The hysteresis loss and eddy current loss takes
place in the magnetic core of a transformer . These two losses are together
termed as core loss.
⮚ hysteresis loss
⮚ eddy current loss
●
Copper
loss:
The loss that takes place due to winding
resistance
APPLICATIONS
Principle Based Applications:
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Used for impedance matching.
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Alternating voltages in the circuit could be
increased or decreased.
●
Isolation of circuits can be done on electrical
terms.
Industrial Applications:
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Used at generation, transmission, distribution
and utilization.
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Used in furnaces. (EAF, DC EAF, LF)
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In Voltage Stabilizers.
.
REFERENCES:
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TYCO Electronics corporation paper
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Circuitglobe.com (Paper on types of transformer)
●
Hydroelectric Research and Technical Services
Group (Transformers: Basics, Maintenance, and Diagnostics)
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